Course description
This introductory course in logic examines the basic questions of this science, such as the difference between fact and truth of reason, assumptions of formal analysis of mental structures, basic logical relations (tautology, contradiction and derivation), questions of the logical validity of derived knowledge, formal and informal requirements for proof, basic methods of proof . The course introduces the theory of simple categorical syllogism, presents and applies the theory of propositional logic in detail. Great attention is paid to the practice of natural language formalization, translation of linguistic expressions into equivalent expressions, methods of logical analysis of reasoning and proof, analysis of statements from the point of view of non-contradiction. The main methods of analysis used in the course: matrix (fairness tables) method, direct, conditional and indirect proof methods, Venn diagram method.
Course goals
To acquaint students with the theoretical foundations of the science of logic, the main methods of logical analysis and their application.
Course results
- Understand the theoretical foundations of the science of logic and the main methods of logical analysis.
- Be able to recognize formal and informal logical errors in reasoning and proof.
- Be able to assess whether statements (primarily - reasoning assumptions/proof arguments) are not contradictory.
- Be able to think in a structured and coherent way.
- Understand the importance of logical deduction; recognize and correct informal reasoning errors.
